Core Protocoltvu
TVU (Transaction Validation Unit)
Also known asTVU
Transaction Validation Unit—the pipeline on non-leader validators that receives shreds, reconstructs blocks, and replays transactions. TVU stages include: shred-fetch, retransmit, replay (execute transactions and verify results), and vote (submit Tower BFT votes). TVU runs continuously on all validators.
Related terms
3Core Protocol
TPU (Transaction Processing Unit)
Transaction Processing Unit—the pipeline within a leader validator that ingests, verifies, and executes transactions. Th...
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Validator
A node that participates in the Solana network by validating transactions, voting on blocks, and (when selected as leade...
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Replay Stage
The TVU component that replays received blocks by re-executing all transactions against the bank state. Replay stage ver...